Four Quadrant Operation and Control of Three Phase BLDC Motor for Electric Vehicles

The paper presents the control of Brushless direct current (BLDC) motor in all four quadrants (forward/reverse motoring/braking) with the help of the bidirectional DC-DC converter. The output of the DC-DC converter is fed to the three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) to drive the motor. During the motoring mode buck operation through the bi-directional converter of the battery takes place and during regenerative mode, the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and is stored in the same chargeable battery through the boost operation. As the electric vehicle operates with frequent start/stop, the scheme proposes recovery of energy for every stopping operation through regenerative braking. Also when the electric vehicle (EV) is going on a downhill, the controlled speed on downhill provides energy return to the battery. MATLAB/Simulink software is used to verify the above operations.