Acoustic radiation from vortex–barrier interaction in atomic Bose–Einstein condensate

We examine the dynamics of a vortex dipole in the Bose–Einstein condensates of trapped dilute atomic gases at zero temperature in the presence of a Gaussian barrier potential. The density anisotropy induced by the barrier enhances the acoustic radiation from the vortex dipole. This is due to the deviation of the condensate density from the equipotential curves and variation in the curvature of the vortex dipole trajectory. Due to the acoustic radiation, the vortex dipole dissipates energy and spirals towards the edge of the condensate. As a result, we observe an increase in the vortex–antivortex annihilation events. To examine the effect of the Gaussian barrier, we estimate the correction to the Thomas–Fermi condensate density using the perturbation expansion method and the results are in very good agreement with the numerical results.