Silver nanoclusters encapsulated into metal–organic frameworks for rapid removal of heavy metal ions from water

Metal nanomaterials have been reported as effective absorbents for the removal of pollutants in the water system, but the release of ions from these nanomaterials brings another concern. Herein, silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) were encapsulated in porous metal-organic frameworks of ZIF-8 (MOF-AgNCs). Compared to AgNCs, the release of Ag⁺ significantly decreases from MOF-AgNCs, indicating that the product presents a lower threat to the environment. The MOF-AgNCs were employed for the rapid removal of heavy metals, such as Pb²⁺ and Mn²⁺, from water. The mechanism and removal efficiencies were investigated.