Smartphone coupled nano-enabled sensors for neurodegenerative disorder

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) have become a center of concern due to their growing prevalence in older people and the lack of diagnosis and treatment methods for these disorders. Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s are the two most widespread disorders caused due to damage to brain cells and result in loss of cognitive and motor functions respectively. Smartphones and their usage in point-of-care testing devices have significantly increased in the last few years. This is due to their use as sensing modules, signal processing, and data analysis abilities, etc. which had proved them to be a possible replacement for traditional laboratory instruments in field. This chapter is going to discuss the basics of smartphone-based sensing using various optical and electrochemical methods, their advantages and requisites, and their application in nano-enabled smartphone-based neurodegenerative disease sensors.